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Education in
China:
In the 1980s,China's higher education achieved considerable
progress. By the end of 1992,China had 1,075 full
time institutions of higher learning with 881,000
graduated and 1,320,000,000 undergraduates. So far,
there are 1,700 research institutions of natural sciences
run by universities ,220 research institutes and 540
research centers of social sciences,400 key disciplines
and 99 national laboratories. It goes without saying
that institutions of higher learning have been playing
as important role in China's scientific research.
China's universities fall under either the jurisdiction
of the Ministry of Education ,over ministries of the
Central government, provinces, autonomous regions,
municipalities or certain major cities. Universities
and independent institutes are all institutions of
higher learning on the same footing.
In China, a strict entrance examination system has
been introduced with a view to ensuring the quality
of new entrants to universities. The unified national
entrance examination is open to graduates of senior
middle schools. Only the best and brightest in terms
of all round development of morality, intelligence
and physique can have access to higher education.
The academic year of full time universities is separated
into two semesters (A few have three).The first semesters
begins in September and the second in February. Each
semester has about 20 weeks and each week has six
school days. In addition to mandatory winter and summer
vacarions, every 1 January students have a day-off,
and 1May (International Labor Day) and 1 October (National
Day) students have 7-day holidays. Universities operate
normally on other anniversaries and traditional fetes.
STUDENTS LIFE:
Chinese students generally live in school dormitories
and eat in the school cafeteria. A campus has many
playgrounds with fully equipped facilities which are
provided for the convenience of students for spare
time sports activities. Apart from usual physical
exercise, students have access to different sports
events and competitions organized by universities,
such as long distance running in winter, swimming
in summer and ball games and chess games. Students
strong in sports can join their university teams of
basketball, volleyball, football, etc. Fans of Wushu
(the martial art) and Qigong will have teachers available
for them. The annual sports games of each university
provide students and teachers with the chance to best
demonstrate their talent in sports events.
The student union and organizations bring together
many students of common interest who set up their
own chorus, dancing troupe, orchestra, photography
association, calligraphy association, painting association,
etc. They have regular activities. Students in the
associations develop their abilities and give full
play to their talents. Universities admitting foreign
students have established separate dormitories and
canteens for them. When conditions permit, foreign
students can also share dormitories with Chinese students.
They are also free to eat either in the reserved or
Chinese Students' canteens.
Universities have paid ample attention to extra-curricular
activities for foreign students. They are organized
to watch artistic performances and go out for sightseeing
for rest and recreation after intense studies. Foreign
students are welcome to attend the school's sports
games, long distance running competitions, swimming
and ball games, as well as other related activities
of students' organizations.
Friendly exchanges between Chinese and foreign students
are encouraged and in particular, contact between
Chinese and foreign youth. Universities often conduct
seminars and parties for Chinese and foreign students
and other social activities. Chinese students, with
a strong interest in knowledge, are hardworking and
cherish their friendship with foreign students; therefore
they are eager to make friends with them and share
their good times and bad. The students through contact
with each other will establish a profound friendship.
School Spirit in China's
Institutions of Higher Education:
China's universities attach great importance to good
school spirit. In many universities, a good school
spirit is embodied by diligence, hardwork, strictness,
realism, pioneering, innovation and originality. Based
on the characteristics of their specialties, different
universities accentuate specific aspects of school
spirit. For instance, medical universities install
in their school spirit the concept of humanitarianism;
normal universities recommend the students to develop
the spirit of sacrifice and be paragons of virtue
and learning; and universities of political science
and law encourage the students to cultivate noble
characters and to be upright and just, honest and
faithful to the duties.
Student Administration:
Students are required by universities to complete
registration procedures in time. Freshmen, before
acquiring the status as students, are subject to re-examination.
China's universities check both students' attendance
and achievement. Absence from class without any sound
reason is prohibited. Participation in examination
specified by the teaching programme is obligatory.
When students have completed all courses offered in
the programme and passed the examination, they are
entitled to go up one grade. In universities where
the credit system has been introduced, a credit is
obtained when any student passes the examination will
result in repetition, back to a lower grade or discontinuation
of schooling according to school regulations.
Students of good character and scholarship are rewarded,
commended and granted scholarship by China's universities.
Any foreign student in China's university is considered
as an ordinary student and hence should abide by all
the rules and regulations of the university.
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